(() => {

    // The default loader is responsible for two things:
    // 1. Maintaining the default in-memory registry of component configuration objects
    //    (i.e., the thing you're writing to when you call ko.components.register(someName, ...))
    // 2. Answering requests for components by fetching configuration objects
    //    from that default in-memory registry and resolving them into standard
    //    component definition objects (of the form { createViewModel: ..., template: ... })
    // Custom loaders may override either of these facilities, i.e.,
    // 1. To supply configuration objects from some other source (e.g., conventions)
    // 2. Or, to resolve configuration objects by loading viewmodels/templates via arbitrary logic.

    var defaultConfigRegistry = {};

    ko.components.register = (componentName, config) => {
        if (!config) {
            throw new Error('Invalid configuration for ' + componentName);
        }

        if (ko.components.isRegistered(componentName)) {
            throw new Error('Component ' + componentName + ' is already registered');
        }

        defaultConfigRegistry[componentName] = config;
    };

    ko.components.isRegistered = componentName =>
        Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(defaultConfigRegistry, componentName);

    ko.components.unregister = componentName => {
        delete defaultConfigRegistry[componentName];
        ko.components.clearCachedDefinition(componentName);
    };

    ko.components.defaultLoader = {
        'getConfig': (componentName, callback) => {
            var result = ko.components.isRegistered(componentName)
                ? defaultConfigRegistry[componentName]
                : null;
            callback(result);
        },

        'loadComponent': (componentName, config, callback) => {
            var errorCallback = makeErrorCallback(componentName);
            resolveConfig(componentName, errorCallback, config, callback);
        },

        'loadTemplate': (componentName, templateConfig, callback) =>
            resolveTemplate(makeErrorCallback(componentName), templateConfig, callback)
        ,

        'loadViewModel': (componentName, viewModelConfig, callback) =>
            resolveViewModel(makeErrorCallback(componentName), viewModelConfig, callback)
    };

    var createViewModelKey = 'createViewModel';

    // Takes a config object of the form { template: ..., viewModel: ... }, and asynchronously convert it
    // into the standard component definition format:
    //    { template: <ArrayOfDomNodes>, createViewModel: function(params, componentInfo) { ... } }.
    // Since both template and viewModel may need to be resolved asynchronously, both tasks are performed
    // in parallel, and the results joined when both are ready. We don't depend on any promises infrastructure,
    // so this is implemented manually below.
    function resolveConfig(componentName, errorCallback, config, callback) {
        var result = {},
            makeCallBackWhenZero = 2,
            tryIssueCallback = () => {
                if (--makeCallBackWhenZero === 0) {
                    callback(result);
                }
            },
            templateConfig = config['template'],
            viewModelConfig = config['viewModel'];

        if (templateConfig) {
            ko.components._getFirstResultFromLoaders('loadTemplate', [componentName, templateConfig], resolvedTemplate => {
                result['template'] = resolvedTemplate;
                tryIssueCallback();
            });
        } else {
            tryIssueCallback();
        }

        if (viewModelConfig) {
            ko.components._getFirstResultFromLoaders('loadViewModel', [componentName, viewModelConfig], resolvedViewModel => {
                result[createViewModelKey] = resolvedViewModel;
                tryIssueCallback();
            });
        } else {
            tryIssueCallback();
        }
    }

    function resolveTemplate(errorCallback, templateConfig, callback) {
        if (templateConfig instanceof Array) {
            // Assume already an array of DOM nodes - pass through unchanged
            callback(templateConfig);
        } else if (templateConfig instanceof DocumentFragment) {
            // Document fragment - use its child nodes
            callback([...templateConfig.childNodes]);
        } else if (templateConfig['element']) {
            var element = templateConfig['element'];
            if (element instanceof HTMLElement) {
                // Element instance - copy its child nodes
                callback(cloneNodesFromTemplateSourceElement(element));
            } else if (typeof element === 'string') {
                // Element ID - find it, then copy its child nodes
                var elemInstance = document.getElementById(element);
                if (elemInstance) {
                    callback(cloneNodesFromTemplateSourceElement(elemInstance));
                } else {
                    errorCallback('Cannot find element with ID ' + element);
                }
            } else {
                errorCallback('Unknown element type: ' + element);
            }
        } else {
            errorCallback('Unknown template value: ' + templateConfig);
        }
    }

    function resolveViewModel(errorCallback, viewModelConfig, callback) {
        if (typeof viewModelConfig === 'function') {
            // Constructor - convert to standard factory function format
            // By design, this does *not* supply componentInfo to the constructor, as the intent is that
            // componentInfo contains non-viewmodel data (e.g., the component's element) that should only
            // be used in factory functions, not viewmodel constructors.
            callback(params => new viewModelConfig(params));
        } else if (typeof viewModelConfig[createViewModelKey] === 'function') {
            // Already a factory function - use it as-is
            callback(viewModelConfig[createViewModelKey]);
        } else if ('instance' in viewModelConfig) {
            // Fixed object instance - promote to createViewModel format for API consistency
            var fixedInstance = viewModelConfig['instance'];
            callback(() => fixedInstance);
        } else if ('viewModel' in viewModelConfig) {
            // Resolved AMD module whose value is of the form { viewModel: ... }
            resolveViewModel(errorCallback, viewModelConfig['viewModel'], callback);
        } else {
            errorCallback('Unknown viewModel value: ' + viewModelConfig);
        }
    }

    function cloneNodesFromTemplateSourceElement(elemInstance) {
        if (elemInstance.matches('TEMPLATE')) {
            // For browsers with proper <template> element support (i.e., where the .content property
            // gives a document fragment), use that document fragment.
            if (elemInstance.content instanceof DocumentFragment) {
                return ko.utils.cloneNodes(elemInstance.content.childNodes);
            }
        }
        throw 'Template Source Element not a <template>';
    }

    function makeErrorCallback(componentName) {
        return message => {
            throw new Error('Component \'' + componentName + '\': ' + message)
        };
    }

    ko.exportSymbol('components.register', ko.components.register);

    // By default, the default loader is the only registered component loader
    ko.components['loaders'].push(ko.components.defaultLoader);
})();